Erik Hatcher wrote an excellent article on the specifics of Lucene’s Query API, specifically on how the QueryParser class uses the Query subclasses including TermQuery, PhraseQuery, RangeQuery, WildcardQuery, PrefixQuery, FuzzyQuery and BooleanQuery. Very useful stuff.
Not unsurprisingly, he’s also writing a book on Lucene titled “Lucene in Action”, to be published by Manning.